![]() In desert flats, creosote, mesquite and acacia assume preeminent roles. Cottonwood, sycamore, walnut and ash trees grow along washes. Lower, the saguaro dominates growths of mesquite, paloverde, cholla and bitter condalia. Along the upper parts of the bajadas, the statuesque columnar cactus, the saguaro, presides over a diverse plant community which includes, for instance, acacia, jojoba, triangle-leaf bursage and prickly pears. ![]() Typically, just above the mountain debris slopes, or bajadas, grasses and then desert scrubs signify the transition from forested lands to the Sonoran Desert. Pines and aspens, pines and oaks, and oaks and chaparral dominate the intermediate elevations. In the mountain ranges, which trend from north northwest to south southeast, spruce and fir dominate the highest elevations. In the basin and range area of southeastern Arizona and northeastern Sonora, mountain peaks reach elevations of more than 10,000 feet above sea level, and valley floors lie at elevations as low as 500 feet above sea level. At its maximum, their range extended from the basin and range and the low desert country of northern Sonora and southern Arizona northward up the famed Mogollon Rim escarpment and onto the Colorado Plateau’s southwestern edge. Like the Mogollon to the east, the Hohokam occupied a geologically and ecologically diverse region. They set their cultural sails to Mesoamerican winds. They raised new standards in artistry, innovation and craftsmanship. In between, the Hohokam made the Sonoran Desert bloom. 1450 seems to have materialized from a void and vanished into darkness. ![]() The Hohokam tradition, which spanned some 1450 years from early in the first millennium to A. Native Americans - Farmers Of The Desert The Hohokam
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